{"id":539,"date":"2020-05-22T00:58:06","date_gmt":"2020-05-21T17:58:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linuxid.net\/post\/?p=539"},"modified":"2025-04-18T15:21:00","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T08:21:00","slug":"cara-install-xrdp-server-remote-desktop-di-ubuntu-20-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linuxid.net\/post\/cara-install-xrdp-server-remote-desktop-di-ubuntu-20-04\/","title":{"rendered":"Cara Install Xrdp Server Remote Desktop di Ubuntu 20.04"},"content":{"rendered":"

Xrdp adalah implementasi open source dari Microsoft Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) yang memungkinkan Anda untuk mengontrol sistem remote secara grafis.\u00a0Dengan RDP Anda dapat masuk ke mesin jarak jauh dan membuat sesi desktop nyata sama seperti jika Anda masuk ke mesin lokal.<\/p>\n

Tutorial ini menjelaskan cara menginstal dan mengkonfigurasi server Xrdp di Ubuntu 20.04.<\/p>\n

Install Desktop Environment<\/h2>\n

Umumnya, server Linux tidak memiliki\u00a0desktop environment yang diinstal. Langkah pertama kita adalah menginstal X11 dan\u00a0desktop environment yang akan bertindak sebagai backend untuk Xrdp.<\/p>\n

Ada beberapa desktop environment (DE) yang tersedia di repositori Ubuntu 20.04. Kita akan menginstal Xfce. Alasan kami menggunakan Xfce karena Xfce<\/a> merupakan desktop environment yang cepat, stabil, dan ringan, yang membuatnya ideal untuk penggunaan di server jarak jauh.<\/p>\n

Jalankan perintah berikut untuk install desktop environment (pilih salah satu)<\/p>\n

Bergantung pada sistem Anda, download dan menginstal paket akan membutuhkan beberapa menit.<\/p>\n

Install Xrdp<\/h2>\n

Paket Xrdp tersedia di repositori default Ubuntu 20.04. Untuk menginstalnya, jalankan perintah berikut :<\/p>\n

sudo apt install xrdp<\/pre>\n
Ketika proses instalasi selesai, layanan Xrdp akan secara otomatis dimulai. Anda dapat memverifikasi bahwa Xrdp berjalan dengan mengetik:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl status xrdp<\/pre>\n
Outputnya akan terlihat seperti ini:<\/p>\n
\u25cf xrdp.service - xrdp daemon
\n   Loaded: loaded (\/lib\/systemd\/system\/xrdp.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
\n   Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-04-01 21:19:11 UTC; 4s ago
\n  ...
\n<\/pre>\n
Secara default Xrdp menggunakan file \/etc\/ssl\/private\/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key<\/code> yang hanya dapat dibaca oleh pengguna yang merupakan anggota grup \u201cssl-cert\u201d. Jalankan perintah berikut untuk menambahkan pengguna xrdp ke grup<\/a>:<\/p>\n
sudo adduser xrdp ssl-cert<\/pre>\n
Restart layanan Xrdp agar perubahan diterapkan:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl restart xrdp<\/pre>\n
Pada poin ini Xrdp telah diinstal di server Ubuntu, dan Anda dapat mulai menggunakannya.<\/p>\n
Konfigurasi Xrdp<\/h2>\n
File konfigurasi Xrdp disimpan di direktori \/etc\/xrdp<\/code>. Untuk koneksi Xrdp dasar, Anda tidak perlu melakukan perubahan apa pun pada file konfigurasi. Xrdp akan menggunakan X Window desktop default, yang dalam hal ini adalah XFCE.<\/p>\n
File konfigurasi utama bernama xrdp.ini<\/code>. File ini dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian dan memungkinkan Anda untuk mengatur pengaturan konfigurasi global seperti keamanan dan listening addresses<\/em> serta membuat sesi login xrdp berbeda.<\/p>\n
Setiap kali Anda membuat perubahan pada file konfigurasi Anda perlu restart layanan Xrdp:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl restart xrdp<\/pre>\n
Xrdp menggunakan file startwm.sh<\/code> untuk meluncurkan X session. Untuk menggunakan desktop X Window lain, edit file ini sesuai dengan persyaratan aplikasi lain.<\/p>\n
Konfigurasi Firewall<\/h2>\n
Secara default, Xrdp mendengarkan pada port 3389<\/code> pada semua interfaces. Jika Anda menjalankan firewall di server Ubuntu 20.04, yang mana demi keamanan harus selalu Anda lakukan, Anda harus menambahkan aturan yang akan memungkinkan lalu lintas di port Xrdp.<\/p>\n
Dengan asumsi Anda menggunakan ufw<\/code> <\/a>untuk mengelola firewall, jalankan perintah berikut untuk memungkinkan akses ke Xrdp\u00a0server dari alamat IP atau rentang IP tertentu, dalam contoh ini 192.168.1.0\/24:<\/p>\n
sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.0\/24 to any port 3389<\/pre>\n
Jika Anda ingin mengizinkan akses dari mana saja (yang mana sangat tidak disarankan karena alasan keamanan) jalankan:<\/p>\n
sudo ufw allow 3389<\/pre>\n
Untuk meningkatkan keamanan, Anda dapat mempertimbangkan untuk menyiapkan Xrdp agar hanya listen di localhost dan membuat SSH tunnel<\/a> yang meneruskan lalu lintas dengan aman dari mesin lokal Anda di port 3389<\/code>\u00a0ke server di port yang sama.<\/p>\n
Menghubungkan ke Xrdp Server<\/h2>\n
Sekarang Anda telah mengatur server Xrdp dan dapat dengan client rdp untuk terhubung ke server.<\/p>\n
Jika Anda adalah pengguna Windows, Anda dapat menggunakan default RDP client. Ketik \u201cremote\u201d di bilah pencarian Windows dan klik \u201cRemote Desktop Connection\u201d.<\/p>\n
Ini akan membuka klien RDP. Di Bidang Computer<\/em> masukkan alamat IP server jarak jauh dan klik \u201cConnect\u201d.<\/p>\n
\"rdp<\/a><\/p>\n
Di layar login masukkan username<\/a> dan kata sandi Anda dan klik \u201cOK\u201d.<\/p>\n
\"rdp<\/a><\/p>\n
Setelah masuk, Anda akan melihat desktop Xfce default. Seharusnya akan terlihat seperti ini:<\/p>\n
\"xrdp<\/a><\/p>\n
Anda sekarang dapat mulai berinteraksi dengan desktop XFCE jarak jauh dari mesin lokal Anda menggunakan keyboard dan mouse Anda.<\/p>\n
Jika Anda menggunakan macOS, Anda dapat menginstal aplikasi Microsoft Remote Desktop dari Mac App Store. Pengguna Linux dapat menggunakan RDP client seperti Remmina atau Vinagre.<\/p>\n
Kesimpulan<\/h2>\n
Menginstal server Xrdp memungkinkan Anda mengelola server Ubuntu 20.04 server dari mesin desktop lokal Anda melalui antarmuka grafis yang mudah digunakan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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